Aberturas . Abertura Partida Italiana 1. P4R, P4R; 2. C3BR, C3BD; 3. B4B, B4B; 4. P3B, C3B; 5. P4D, PxP; 6. PxP, B3C; 7. C3B?!, CxPR!?; 8. O-O, ...; Levando ao mate: 3. ..., C5D!?; 4. CxP??, D4C!; 5. CxPB, DxPC; 6. T1B, DxP+; 7. B2R, C6B+ +. Mate abafado. Abertura do Peão da Dama 1. P4D, C3BR; 2.C2D, P4R; 3. PxP, C5C; 4. P3TR??, C6R! o cavalo precisava ser contido se 5.PxC, D5T+ . Partida ocorrida em Paris, 1924, entre Gibaud e Lazard. Abertura Ruy Lopez (ou Partida Espanhola) 1. P4R, P4R; 2. C3BR, C3BD; 3. B5C, P3TD; 4. B4T, P3D; 5. P4D, P4CD; 6. B3C, CxP; 7. CxC, PxC; 8. DxP??, P4BD; 9. D5D, B3R; 10. D6B+, B2D; 11. D5D, P5B. Armadilha conhecida por "Arca de Noé". Abertura Inglesa 1. P4BD, P4R; 2. C3BD, C3BR; 3. P3CR, P4D; 4. PxP, CxP; 5. B2C, C3C; 6. P3D, B2R; 7. C3T!, O-O; 8. O-O, C3B; 9. P4B!, T1C; 10.PxP, CxP; 11.C4B!, ...; Observe que as brancas ficam em vantagem. Abertura do Bispo 1. P4R, P4R; 2. B4B, C3BR; 3. P3D, P3B; 4. P4B, PxP; 5. BxP, P4D!; 6. PxP, CxP. Boa posição para as negras. Abertura Ponziani 1. P4R, P4R; 2. C3BR, C3BD; 3. P3B, C3B!; 4. P4D, P4D!; 5. B5CD!, PRxP; 6. CxP, B2D; 7. PxP, CxC; 8. BxB+, DxB; 9. DxC, DxP; 10.D3R+, B2R. Iguais. Observe que: - se as negras jogarem em: 4. ..., CxPR? 5. P5D, C1C; 6. B3D!, C4B; 7.CxP, As negras ficam em má posição. - se as brancas jogarem em: 5. PRxP, DxP; 6. B2R, P5R; 7. CR2D, P6R!; 8. PxP, DxPC; As brancas perdem a vantagem do Tempo! Abertura Reti 1. C3BR, P4D; 2. P4B, P3BD; 3. P3CD, C3B; 4. P3C, B4B!; 5. B2CR, CD2D; 6. B2C, P3R; 7. O-O, B3D; 8. P4D, O-O; 9. C3B, D2R; 10.P3TD, P4TD. Observe que as negras ficam em vantagem. Abertura Catalã (Sistema Catalão) 1. P4D, C3BR; 2. P4BD, P3R; 3. C3BR, P4D; 4. P3CR, PxP; 5. D4T+, B2D!; 6. DxPB, B3B; 7. B2C, B4D; 8. D3D, P4B; 9. C3B, B3B; 10. O-O, CD2D; 11. T1D, D3C; Gambitos Sacrifício de uma peça para a obtenção de uma melhor posição no tabuleiro. Gambito da Dama Aceito 1. P4D, P4D; 2. P4BD, PxP; 3. P3R, P4CD?; 4. P4TD, P3BD? 5. PxP, PxP; 6. D3B, ...; Negras ganham uma peça. Observe que: - se as brancas jogarem em: 3.D4T+ podem recuperar o peão, mas qual é o lucro/prejuízo para as brancas? Um bom domínio do centro do tabuleiro ou a dama inutilmente exposta? Olhando um pouco para as negras, a questão essencial para estas é: Como poderemos manter o centro pelo menos equilibrado? Gambito da Dama Recusado 1. P4D, P4D; 2. P4BD, P3R; Observe que: - Posicionando o peão negro em: 2. ..., P3R; O bispo da dama negro ficará preso e isto pode ser complicado para as negras. Qual seria a saída para as negras? Resposta: Defesa Eslava. Gambito do Rei Aceito 1. P4R, P4R; 2. P4BR, PxP; 3. C4BR, P4CR; 4. B4B, P5C, 5. O-O, P3D; 6. P4D, P3TR; 7. P3B, C3BD; 8. P3CR, B6T!; Negras ganham tempo. Gambito do Rei Recusado 1. P4R, P4R; 2. P4BR, B4B; 3. C3BR, P3B; 4. B4B, C3BR, 5. C3B, C3B; 6. P3D, B3R!; 7. BxB, PxB; Iguais. Gambito Vienense 1. P4R, P4R; 2. B4B, C3BR; Segue variantes: a) 3. B4B, CxP!?; 4. D5T, C3D; 5. B3C, C3B; 6. C5C!?, P3CR; 7. D3B, P4B, 8. D5D, D2R; 9. CxP+, R1D; 10. CxT, P3C. b) 3. P4B, P4D; 4. PBxP, CxP; 5. C3B, B2R; 6. P4D, O-O; 7. B3D, P4BR!; 8. PxP, BxP!; Escocesa 1. P4R, P4R; 2. C3BR, C3BD; 3. P4D, PxP; 4. CxP, ...; Segue variantes: a) 4. ..., C3B; 5. C3BD, B5C; 6. CxC, PCxC; 7. B3D, P4D; 8. PxP, PxP; 9. O-O, O-O; 10. B5CR, B3R; 11. D3B, B2R; b) 4. ..., B4B; 5. B3R, D3B; 6. P3BD, CR2R; 7. C2B, BxB; 8. CxB, O-O; 9. B2R, P3D; 10.O-O, B3R; 11. C2D, P4D!; Gambito Evans Aceito 1. P4R, P4R; 2. C3BR, C3BD; 3. B4B, B4B; 4. P4CD, BxPC; 5. P3B, B2R!; 6. P4D, C4TD!; 7. B3D, PxP; 8. PxP, P4D; 9. C3B, PxP; 10. CxP, C3BR; 11. CxC+, BxC; 12. D4T+, CxB; 13. B3T, B2R; 14. B5C, O-O; Gambito Evans Recusado 1. P4R, P4R; 2. C3BR, C3BD; 3. B4B, B4B; 4.P4CD, B3C!; 5. P4TD, P3TD; 6. B2C, P3D; 7. P5C, PxP; 8. PxP, TXT; 9. BxT, C5D!; 10. CxC, PxC; 11. P3BD, C3B; 12. O-O, O-O; Contra-gambitos É uma tentativa de arrancar o tempo das brancas, em outras palavras: a vantagem de começar a partida. Contra-gambito Falkbeer (Gambito do Rei) 1. P4R, P4R; 2. P4BR, P4D; 3. PRxP, P5R; 4. P3D, C3BR; 5. D2R!, DxP; 6. C3BD, B5CD; 7. B2D, BxC; 8. BxB, B5C; 9. PxP!, DxPR; 10. DxD+, CxD; 11. BxP, T1C; 12. B5R, C3BD; 13. B3D, ...; Vantagem numérica das brancas. Levando ao mate: 3. PBxP??, D5T+; 4. R2R (se 4. P3C, DxPR+ ganha a torre) DxPR+; 8. R2B, B4B+; 9. R3C, DxPR+; 10. R3B, C3TR; 11. P3TR, D5R+; 12. R3C, C4B+; 13. R2T, D5B+; 14. P3C, DxP++. Contra-gambito Albin 1. P4D, P4D; 2. P4BD, P4R?; 3. PxPR, P5D; 4. C3BR, C3BD; 5. CD2D, B3R; 6. P3CR, D2D; 7. B2C, T1D; 8. O-O, CR2R; 9. D4T, C3C; 10. P3TD!, B2R; 11. P4CD, O-O; 12. B2C, ...; Brancas em vantagem Mais um erro das brancas: 4. P3R?, B5C+; 5. B2D, PxP!; 6. BxB?, PxP+; 7. R2R, PxC=C+! e ganham. O lado das peças brancas ficou uma desordem! Isso favorece um ataque organizado das pretas. Contra-gambito Grego 1. P4R, P4R; 2. C3BR, P4BR; 3. CxP, D3B; 4. P4D, P3D; 5. C4B, PxP; 6. C3B, D3C; 7. B4B, C3BR; 8. C3R, B2R; 9. B4B, P3B; 10. P5D!, ...; Contra-gambito do Centro 1. P4R, P4D; 2. PxP, DxP; 3. C3BD, D4TD; 4. P4D, C3BR; 5. C3B, B5C; 6. P3TR!, B4T; 7. P4CR!, B3C; 8. C5R!, P3B; 9. P4TR!, C5R; 10. B2D, D3C; 11. CxB, CxC; 12. BxC, PTxC; 13. D2D, P3R; 14 O-O-O, ...; Contra-gambito Blumenfeld 1. P4D, C3BR; 2. P4BD, P3R; 3. C3BR, P4B; 4. P5D, P4CD?! 5. B5C, PRxP; 6. PDxP, P3TR; 7. BxC, DxB; 8. D2B, P3D, 9. P4R, P3T; 10. P4TD, P5C; 11. P3T!, ...; Contra-gambito Benoni 1. P4D, P4BD; 2. P5D, P4R; 3. P4R, P3D; 4. B3D, C2R; 5. C2R, P3CR; 6. P4BD, B2C; 7. CD3B, O-O; 8. O-O, P4B; 9. P4B!, CD2D; Defesa Defesa Índia da Dama 1. P4D, C3BR; 2. P4BD, P3R; 3. C3BR, P3CD; 4. P3CR, B2C; 5. B2C, B2R; 6. O-O, O-O; 7. C3B, C5R; 8. D2B, CxC; 9. DxC, ...; Variantes: a) 5. ..., B5C+; 6. B2D, BxB+; 7. DxB!, O-O; 8. C3B, P3D; 9. D2B, D2R; 10. O-O, P4B; 11. TD1D, PxP, 12. CxP, BxB; b) 9. ..., P4BR; 10. P5D!, PxP; 11. C1R, ...; c) 9. ..., B5R; 10. B4B!, P3D; 11. D3R!, B2C; 12. TR1D, C2D; 13. P4CD, C3B; 14. P4TD, P4TD; 15. P5C, ...; Defesa Índia do Rei 1. P4D, C3BR; 2. P4BD, P3CR; 3. P3CR, B2C; 4. B2C, ...; Variantes: a) 4. ..., P4D; 5. PxP, CxP; 6. P4R, C3C; 7. C2R, O-O; 8. O-O, C3B; 9. P5D, C1C; 10. CR3B!, P3BD; 11. P4TD!, PxP; 12. PxP, C5B; 13. T1R, T1R; 14. C3T!, C3D; 15. CD5C!, ...; b) 4. ..., O-O; 5. P4R, P3D; 6. C2R, P4R; 7. CD3B, CD2D; 8. O-O, P3B; 9. P3TR!, PxP; 10. CxP, T1R; c) 3. C3BD, B2C; 4. P4R, P3D; 5. B2R, O-O; 6. C3B, P4R; 7. O-O, C3B!; 8. P5D, C2R; 9. C1R, C2D!; 10. B3R, P4BR; 11. P3B, P5B; 12 B2B, P4CR; 13. C3D, C3BR; d) Saemisch: 3. C3BD, B2C; 4. P4R, P3D; 5. P3B, O-O; 6. B3R, P4R; 7. P5D, P4B; 8. D2D, C4T; 9. O-O-O, P4B; 10. PxP, PxP; 11. B3D, P3TD; 12. CR2R, P4C?!; 13. TD1C, PxP; 14. B1C!, ...; Defesa Caro-Kann 1. P4R, P3BD; 2. P4D, P4D; Variantes: a) 3. C3BD, PxP; 4. CxP, C2D; 5. D2R!?, CR3B??; 6. C6D++. Mate abafado! Que visão das brancas ao posicionar a dama na jogada 5. b) 3. C3B, PxP; 4. CxP, B4B; 5. C3C, B3C? (5 ... B5C e ... BxC); 6. P4TR, P3TR; 7. C5R, B2T; 8. B4B, P3R; 9. D2R, C3B?; 10. CxPBR, RxC; 11. DxP+, R3C; 12. D7B++. Defesa Francesa 1. P4R, P3R; 2. P4D, P4D; 3. P5R, P4BD; 4. P3BD, ...; Variantes: a) 4. ..., C3BD; 5.C3B, D3C; 6.B3D, PxP; 7.PxP, CxPD??; 8.CxC, DxC; 9.B5C+ ganhou a D. b) 4. ..., P3BD, PxP; 5. PxP, C3BD; 6. C3BR, B5C+; 7. B2D, BxB+; 8. DxB, D3C; 9.C3B, CR2R; 10.B3D, O-O; 11.O-O, CxPD??; 12.CxC, DxC; 13.BxP+, ganhou a D. c) 3. C3BD, PxP; 4. CxP, C3BR; 5. B3D, B2R; 6. C3BR, O-O; 7. D2R, P3CD??; 8. CxC+, BxC; 9. D4R, ganhou a T. Defesa Ortodoxa 1. P4D, P4D; 2. P4BD, P3R; 3. C3BD, C3BR; 4. B5C, CD2D; 5. PxP, PxP; 6.CxP??, CxC!, 7. BxD, B5C+; 8. D2D, BxD+; 9. RxB, RxB. Defesa Petroff (ou Partida Russa) 1. P4R, P4R; 2.C3BR, C3BR; 3.P4D, CxP; 4. B3D, P4D; 5. CxP, B3D; 6. O-O, O-O; 7. P4BD, C3BD!; 8. PxP, CxPD; 9. BxC, BxC; 10. P4B, B3B Defesa Alekine 1. P4R, C3BR; 2. P5R, C4D; 3. P4BD, C3C; 4. P4D, P3D; Variantes: a) 3. P4D, P3D; 4. C3BR, B5C; 5. B2R, C3BD; 6. O-O, P3R; 7. P4B, C3C; 8. PxP, PxP; 9. P3CD, B2R; 10. B3R, O-O; 11. C3B, P4D; 12. P5B, C2D; 13. P4CD!, ...; b) p/ 3 Peões: 5. PxP, PRxP; 6. C3BD, C3B; 7. B3R, O-O; 8. B3D, O-O; 9. CR2R!, B5C; 10. O-O, T1R; 11. P3TR, B4T; 12. D2D, ...; c) p/ 4 Peões: 5. P4B, PxP; 6. PBxP, C3B; 7. B3R, B4B; 8. C3BD, P3R; 9. C3B, D2D; 10. B2R, O-O-O; 11. O-O, ...; Defesa Siciliana 1. P4R, P4BD; 2. P4D, PxP; 3. C3BR, P4R; 4. CxPR??, D4T+ ganhou o C. Defesa Nimzovitch 1. P4R, C3BD; 2. P4D, ...; Variantes: a) 2. ..., P4D; 3. C3BD, P3R; 4. C3B, B5C; 5. P5R, BxC+; 6. PxB, C4T; 7. P4TD, C2R; 8. B3D, P3CD; 9. C2D!, P4BD; 10. D4C, P5B; 11. B2R, C4B; 12. C3B, ...; b) 2. ..., P4R; 3. PxP, CxP; 4. C3BD, B4B; 5. P4B, C3C; 6. C3B, P3D; 7. B4B, B3R; 8. D2R, BxB; 9. DxB, D2D; 10. P5B, ...; Defesa Eslava (para Gambito da Dama Recusado) 1. P4D, P4D; 2. P4BD, P3BD; 3. C3BR, C3B; 4. C3B, ...; Variantes: a) Aceitação Retardada do Gambito: 4. ..., PxP; 5. P4TD, B4B; 6. C5R, CD2D; 7. CxP5B, D2B, 8. P3CR!, P4R; 9. PxP, CxP; 10. B4B, C3B-2D; 11. B2C, P3B; 12. O-O, T1D; 13. D1B!, B3R; 14. C4R!, B5CD; 15. P5T!, ...; b) Clássica (Semi-Eslava): 4. ..., P3B; 5. P3R, CD2D; 6. B3D, B3D; 7. O-O, O-O; 8. P4R!, PxPR; 9. CxP, CxC; 10. BxC, C3B; 11. B2B, ...; c) Merano (Semi-Eslava): 4. ..., P3R; 5. P3R, CD2D; 6. B3D, PxP; 7. BxPB, P4CD; 8. B3D, P3TF; 9. P4R, P4B!; 10. P5R, PxP!; 11. CxCP!, CxP!; 12. CxC, PxC; 13. D3B, B5C+; 14. R2R, TD1C; 15. D3C, D3D!; d) Anti-Merano (Semi-Eslava): 4. ..., P3R; 5. B5C!?, PxP!?; 6. P4R, P4C; 7. P5R, P3TR; 8. B4T, P4C; 9. CxPCR!, PxC; 10. BxPC, CD2D; 11. P3CR, D4T; 12. PxC, P5C; e) Troca de Peões: 3. PxP, PxP; 4. C3BD, C3BR; 5. C3B, C3B; 6. B4B, B4B!; 7. P3R, P3R; 8. D3C, B5CD!; 9. B5CD, O-O!; 10. O-O, BxC; 11. BxC, BxPC; 12. BxPC, BxT; 13. TxB, ...; f) 4. ..., B4B; 5. B3D, BxB; 6. DxB, P3R; 7. C3B, CD2D; 6. DxB, P3R; 7. C3B, CD2D; 8. O-O, B5C; 9. B2D!, B4T; 10. P4CD!, B2B; 11. P4R, PxPB; 12. DxPB, ...; Defesa Nimzoíndia 1. P4D, C3BR; 2. P4BD, P3R; 3. C3DB, B5C; Variantes: a) 3. P4R, B5C; 4. D2B, P4D; 5. PxP, DxP; 6. C3B, P4B; 7. B2D, BxC; 8. BxB, PxP; 9. CxP, P4R; 10. C3B, C3B; 11. P3R, O-O; 12. B2R, B5C; 13. P3TR, ...; b) 4. D2B, C3B; 5. C3B, P3D; 6. B2D, P4R; 7. P3TD, BxC; 8. BxB, D2R; 9. PxP, PxP; 10. P3R, P4TD!; 11. P3T!, O-O; 12. B2R, P3CR; 13. P3CD, B4B; 14. D2C, TR1R; 15. O-O, C5R; c) 4. D2B, P4B; 5. PxP, O-O; 6. C3B, C3T!; 7. B2D, CxP; 8. P3TD, BxC; 9. BxB, C4B-5R; d) 4. P3R, P4D; 5. B3D, O-O; 6. P3TD, BxC+; 7. PxB, PxP!; 8. BxPB, P4B; 9. C3B, C3B; 10. O-O, D2B!; 11. B3D, P4R; 12. D2B, ...; e) 4. P3TD, BxC+; 5. PxB, P4B!; 6. P3R, P3CD; 7. B3D, B2C; 8. P3B, C3B; 9. C2R, O-O; 10. P4R, C1R!; 11. B3R, P3D; 12. O-O, C4T!; 13. C3C, D2D; 14. P4B, P4B; 15. D2R, P3C!; Defesa Gruenfeld 1. P4D, C3BR; 2. P4BD, P3CR; 3. C3BD, P4D; 4. PxP, ...; Variantes: a) Troca: 4. ..., CxP; 5. P4R, CxC; 6. PxC, P4BD; 7. B4BD, B2C; 8. C2R!, O-O; 9. O-O, PxP; 10. PxP, C3B; 11. B3R, C4T; 12. B3D!, C3B!; b) 4. C3B, B2C; 5. D3C, PxP; 6. DxPB, O-O; 7. P4R, B5C; 8. B3R, CR2D; 9.D3C, C3C; 10. T1D, C3B; 11. P5D, C4R; 12. B2R, CxC+; 13. PxC, B6T; 14. TR1C, D1B; 15. P4B!, B2D; 16. P5B!, ...; c) 4. B4B, B2C; 5. P3R, O-O; 6. T1B, P4B!; 7. PDxP, B3R!; 8. PxP, CxP; 9.CxC, BxC; 10. P3TD, D4T+; 11.D2D, DxD+; 12. RxD?, T1D; Defesa Budapeste 1. P4D, C3BR; 2. P4BD, P4R; 3. PxP, C5C; Variantes: a) 4. B4B, C3BD; 5. C3BR, B5C+; 6. CD2D, D2R; 7. P3TD, CRxPR; (8. PxB, C6D++); 8. CxC, CxC; 9. P3R, BxC+; 10. DxB, P3D; 11.B2R, C3C; 12. B3C, O-O; 13. O-O, ...; b) 4. P4R, CxPR; 5. P4B, C3C; 6. B3R, B5C+; 7. C3B, BxC+; 8. PxB, D2R; 9. B3D, P4BR; 10. D2B, PxP; 11. BxP, CxP!; 12. BxC, P4D; 13. PxP, B4B; 14. O-O-O, BxB; 15. D3C, C2D; Defesa Holandesa 1. P4D, P4BR; Variantes: a) 2. P3CR, C3BR; 3. B2C, P3R; 4. C3BR, B2R; 5. O-O, O-O; 6. P4B, P3D; 7. C3B, D1R; 8. T1R, D4T; 9. P4R, PxP; 10. CxP, CxC; 11. TxC, ...; b) Gambito Staunton: 2. P4R, PxP; 3. C3BD, C3BR; 4. B5CR, C3BD; 5. P3B, P4R!; 6. P5D, C5D; 7. PxP, B2R; 8. B4BD, P3D!; 9. CR2R, C5C! Defesa Húngara (p/ Abertura Giuoco Piano e Gambito Evans) 1. P4R, P4R; 2. C3BR, C3BD; 3. B4B, B2R; 4. P4D!, P3D; 5. P5D!, C1C; 6. B3D!, C3BR; 7. P4B, O-O; 8. P3TR!, P3B; 9. C3B, C3T; 10. B3R, C2B; 11. O-O, CR1R; 12. D2B!, ...; Defesa Dois Cavalos (p/ Abertura Giuoco Piano e Gambito Evans) 1. P4R, P4R; 2. C3BR, C3BD; 3. C3B, B2R; 4. C5C, P4D; 5. PxP, C4TD; 6. B5C+, P3B; 7. PxP, PxP; 8. B2R, P3TR; 9. C3BR, P5R; 10. C5R, B3D; 11. P4BR!, O-O; 12. O-O!, BxC; 13. PxB, D5D+; 14. R1T, DxPR; 15. P4D, ...; Para mais variantes das aberturas,envie um e-mail para vieiraking@yahoo.com.br E indique o nome da abertura.